| 머리말 This book entitled Public Sector Reform in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea is the third development of the ASEAN Public Management Forum. ASEAN member countries include Brunei, Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. In 2009, the first book entitled Public Administration and Public Governance in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea was published and the second book entitled Civil Service System and Civil Service Reform in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea was published in 2010.
Public Administration and Public Governance in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea was the first book of its kind to present a comprehensive introduction and analysis of public administration and public governance in ASEAN member countries including the structural change, system transformation, and the development of public administration and the public sector in major Southeast Asian countries. The second book, Civil Service System and Civil Service Reform in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea, also serves as a landmark in the study of civil service systems and civil service reform, and presented a rich explanation and in-depth analysis of civil service systems and various reform measures in those countries including major issues in civil service reform as well as the current status and future challenges.
It is intended that this third book on public sector reform will make a timely contribution to the understanding and explanation of public sector reform in ASEAN member countries and Korea. Many Southeast Asian countries are growing rapidly, but the public sector in those countries needs more proactive innovations. Various international organizations including the World Bank show that the governance indicators of Southeast Asian countires was not higher than countries in Western and Eastern Europe, Central and Latin America, and North Africa. The role of the public sector is highly critical for further development in terms of economic growth, social development, public service delivery, and political development. Reform means to put, or change, into an improved form, or condition, to restore public trust and improve government effectiveness. Public sector reform, seeking to improve the system and the structure as well as its performance and service delivery, is greatly needed in many countries of Southeast Asia and many other regions.
In the past, there were not many opportunities for academic exchanges and dialogues in the field of public administration in ASEAN member countries and Korea. Moreover, publications on Asian public administration and the public sector have not been produced well in a common language such as English and not well disseminated in the region as well as in the world. In that regards, a scholarly forum and publication on public administration and public sector could promote more active dialogue and collaborations in the region. Along such a line, the ASEAN Public Management Forum supported by the ASEAN Secretariat and the Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade was held at the National Institute of Development Administration in Bangkok, Thailand on July 21-22, 2011. During the forum, active presentations and provocative discussions were made and all presented manuscripts have been thoroughly revised by each author based on comments received for the publication of this book.
Similar to the previous two books, the third book, Public Sector Reform in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea, aims to furnish better understanding of public sector reform in ASEAN member countries and Korea, focusing on various reform trajectories and implementation of reform measures. Public sector reform is not simply optional for further development it is absolutely essential for sustainable government effectiveness and economic growth in any country. Accordingly, this book incorporated new collection of manuscripts on public sector reform prepared by leading experts from respective countries in Southeast Asia. In addition, this book includes a chapter on public sector reform in Korea for providing a comparative view on ASEAN member countries and Korea.
In the past couple of decades, we have witnessed major structural, functional and system changes in the area of public administration. The traditional bureaucratic and top down system has been substituted by a more accountable, transparent, and participatory system with the application of information technology and communication (ICT). Moreover, the ongoing economic downturn brought the introduction of the market mechanism into traditional public administration under the name of new public management. Accordingly, various forms of new pubic management have penetrated widely into the global, regional, and local public sectors including Southeast Asian countries and Korea. Criticism against new public management has increased substantially over the years, but NPM has not disappeared from our radar. In the future, we may need a new direction for the development of public administration and value-oriented public administration could become a new alternative in the future.
Leaders in many Southeast Asian countries introduced a broad range of reform measures to deal with the daunting challenges they face, but not all of them are successful or effective. Therefore, the ASEAN Public Management Forum has provided a window for exchanging the experiences and lessons of public sector reform in ASEAN member countries and Korea. I hope such practice to be continued in the future. The theme of this book is an important insight of public sector reform in the Asian region and for other continents. Discussing the reform measures and approaches in those countries not only is timely and important for those countries, but also useful as a reference for other developing nations in the design and implementation of public sector reform. I hope a series of publications on public administration including the first, second and third books can provide a relevant reference and practical tools for sharing experience and lessons in the region and the world.
Lastly, I would like to express my deep appreciation to all participants of the international forums and the series of book publications. Without their active participation and dedication, the publication of this book would be difficult. Furthermore, I would like to thank a number of experts (Mr. Misran Karmain, Mr. Thongphane Savanphet, and Ms. Carla Budiarto) in the ASEAN Secretariat in Jakarta for their continuous support. Last but not least, many thanks go to the ASEAN Cooperation Division of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade in the Republic of Korea. Especially, I would like to acknowledge that the ROKASEAN Development Cooperation Program was very helpful in supporting the forum and its related projects.
Pan Suk Kim 차 례 Preface/7
Chapter 1 Introduction 11
Chapter 2 Reforming the Public Sector in Brunei 27
Chapter 3 Reforming the Public Sector in Cambodia 61
Chapter 4 Exploring Public Sector Reform in Indonesia 82
Chapter 5 Public Sector Reform in Lao People’s Democratic Republic 129
Chapter 6 Public Sector Reform in Malaysia 160
Chapter 7 Public Sector Reform in Myanmar 188
Chapter 8 Public Sector Reform in the Philippines 228
Chapter 9 Singapore-Style Public Sector Reforms 267
Chapter 10 Public Sector Reform and Governancein Thailand 307
Chapter 11 Reforming the Public Sector in Viet Nam 347
Chapter 12 Major Issues of Government Innovation in South Korea 389
Index 430
List of Contributors 441 저자약력 Nik Rosnah Wan Abdullah is Professor and Deputy Dean of the
Tun Abdul Razak School of Government at University Tun
Abdul Razak in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. She had been
Associate Professor and Head of the Department of
Adminsitrative Studies and Politics in the Faculty of
Economics and Administration, at the University of Malaya.
She received her Ph.D. degree from Sussex University and
MPA degree from Universityof Liverpool in the United
Kingdom. She was a Senior International Fellow at the Johns
Hopkins University and the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public
Policy in Singapore. Her area of expertise includes regulatory
reform, public policy, public sector management, health sector
reform, human resource management, and administrative
reform.
Jairo Acu-Alfaro has been a Policy Advisor on Public
Administration Reform and Anti-Corruption at UND, Viet Nam
since October 2007. He has a Ph.D. in Development Studies
at the University of Oxford, and an MA in Political Economy
from the University of Essex. He is editor of the book,
Reforming Public Administration in Vietnam: Current Situation
and Recommendations in 2009. Team leader of he Viet Nam
Provincial Governance and Public Administration Performance
Suresh Balakrishnan is Chief Technical Advisor with the United
Nations Development Programme for the Governance and
Public Administration Reform: Support for Better Service
Delivery Programme for Laos. He previously served as
Executive Director of the Public Affairs Centre, a nonprofit
think tank based in Bangalore, India, that is devoted to
improving governance by strengthening civil society in its
interface with the state. He has more than two decades of
experience with monitoring and evaluation in the governance
and development sectors, which spans training, research, and
consulting. He has worked closely with national, provincial,
and city governments and nongovernmental organizations in
Asia and Africa to strengthen service delivery. He has been
closely involved in the evolution of citizen report cards, which
are now being mainstreamed into public administration reform
initiatives in several countries.
Alain Benicy is an Advisor to the Royal Government of Cambodia
with responsibility for administrative reform in 2007 and a
former senior executive of the Canadian Federal Public
Service. His career evolved around planning and managing
reforms in central agencies and ministries. He has been a
senior consultant since 1993 with projects in Cambodia and
South America. Between 2000 and 2007, he was a technical
advisor at the Secretariat to the Council for Administrative
Reform.
Alex B. Brillantes, Jr. is a professor at the National College of
Public Administration and Governance, University of the
Philippines (UP-NCPAG). He is also Secretary General of the
Association of Schools of Public Administration of the
Philippines (ASPAP) and Deputy Secretary General of the
Eastern Regional Organization for Public Administration (EROPA). List of Contributors 443
He served as Executive Director of the Local Government
Academy (LGA) of the Department of Interiorand Local
Government (DILG), and Director of the Center of Local and
Regional Governance (CLRG) of the UP- NCPAG. He got his
Ph.D. and M.A. degrees from the University of Hawaii, and
an MPA from the University of the Philippines. He has written
three books and has published papers on local government,
development administration and civil society in local and
international journals.
Herisadel P. Flores is a lecturer in the National College of Public
Administration and Governance (NCPAG) of the University of
the Philippines (UP). He is concurrently a researcher in the
Center for Local and Regional Governance (CLRG) of the same
college. He has a master's degree in Development Economics
and a B.A. in Public Administration from the University of the
Philippines. At present, he is pursuing his doctorate in Public
Administration at the University of the Philippines.
Kil Pyo Hong is Professor of Business Administration at
Baekseok University in South Korea. He received his B.A. M.
A. and Ph.D. degrees from Seoul National University. He
teaches organization theory, innovation strategy, and human
resource management. He has been a member of the advisory
committee on management assessment in the Ministry of
Strategy and Finance and the Ministry of Government
Administration and Home Affairs. He is currently a member
of the Board of Directors of the Korean Academy of
Management.
Ngo Hongly is a former senior executive of an international IT
firm operating in France. Upon returning to Cambodia in 1994,
Mr. Ngo worked at the Cambodian Development Council as 444 Civil Service System and Civil Service Reform in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea
a UNDP consultant. He subsequently undertook a long-term
consulting assignment with the Office of the Council of
Ministers advising of matters relating to administrative
reform. In 1999, he became a senior technical advisor to the
Council for Administrative Reform (CAR). He became
Secretary General to the CAR in 2004.
Do Thanh Huyen is a Policy Analyst, UNDP, Viet Nam since July
2008 and team member of he Viet Nam Provincial
Governance and Public Administration Performance Index?
Research. She has an M.A. in Development Studies from the
University of Auckland, New Zealand.
David Jones is a member of staff in the Faculty of Business,
Economics and Policy Studies, University of Brunei
Darussalam. Previously he held various academic posts in
Singapore and elsewhere. These included Associate
Professor, Department of Political Science, National University
of Singapore, Adjunct Professor, School of Economics,
Singapore Management University, Local Director in
Singapore, Masters in Public Administration Programme,
Australian National University. He was awarded his doctorate
at Queen University of Belfast. His research interests cover
public sector reform, public service management, public
budgeting, government procurement, land administration and
agrarian reform. He has published numerous articles in these
fields in international journals and in edited collections, as well
as a book on land reform in Ireland.
Pan Suk Kim is an Underwood Distinguished Professor of Public
Administration and the Director of the Institute for Poverty
Alleviation and International Development (IPAID) at Yonsei
University in Korea. He is currently President of the List of Contributors 445
International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS) and
Vice Chairman of the UN Committee of Experts on Public
Administration (UNCEPA). He worked in the Korean government
as a Secretary to the President for Personnel Policy
in the Office of the President. He earned his doctoral degree
in public administration from the American University in
Washington, DC. His areas of research interests are public
sector reform, governance innovation, human resource
management, international development, and organizational
change. He was a member of the IIAS Executive Committee
and the IASIA Board of Management. He was Deputy Editor
of the International Review of Administrative Sciences and sits
on the editorial board of several international journals. He is
currently Editor-in-Chief of the Asian Review of Public
Administration. In 2009, he received the International Public
Administrating Award from the American Society for Public
Administration (ASPA).
Htay Htay Lwin is a Professor and Head of the Department of
Applied Economics and a Director of the Master of Public
Administration (MPA/EMPA) Programme at the Yangon Institute
of Economics, Myanmar since 2007. She was previously a
Professor and Head of the Department of Applied Economics
and a Director of the Master of Public Administration (MPA)
Programme at the Meikhtila Institute of Economics, Mandalay
Division, Myanmar. She also served as an Associate Professor
and Head of Department of Applied Economics, at the
Meikhtila Institute of Economics from June 2001 to April 2003.
Pairote Pathranarakul is Assistant Professor and Vice President
for Administration of the National Institute of Development
Administration (NIDA) in Bangkok, Thailand. He served as
Associate Dean for Planning and Development and Associate 446 Civil Service System and Civil Service Reform in ASEAN Member Countries and Korea
Dean for Administration at the Graduate School of Public
Administration (GSPA/NIDA). Holding an MPA (Hons.) in
Public Policy and Project Management, Graduate School of
Public Administration, NIDA and a Ph.D. in Regional and Rural
Development Planning, Asian Institute of Technology, he
currently teaches graduate courses in public management,
project planning and management, and crisis and disaster
management at NIDA. He has published papers on governance
and public management, development administration, development
strategies for self-reliant communities. His research
interest areas are public management, governance and reform,
sustainable development, innovation management, and crisis
and disaster management.
Eko Prasojo is head of the Postgraduate Program for Public
Administration, University of Indonesia and a member of staff
in the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences at the University
of Indonesia. He graduated from the Faculty of Social and
Political Sciences at the University of Indonesia and has a
Master and Doctorate in Public Administration from
Deutsche Hochschule fuer Verwaltungswissenschaften Speyer
Germany. Eko Prasojo is a member of the Steering Committee
within the executive council of Eastern Regional Organization
of Public Administration (EROPA), Chairman of Expert Commission,
Indonesian Association of Public Administration (IAPA) and
Member of the Asian Association for Public Administration
(AAPA). His research interests include federalism and
decentralization, democratization and local democracy,
political economics in bureaucracy, Administrative Reform,
and Public Policy Studies.
Jon S.T. Quah was Professor of Political Science at the National
University of Singapore and the co-editor of the Asian Journal List of Contributors 447
now based in Singapore as a consultant on anti-corruption
strategies and civil service reforms in Asian countries. His
most recent publications include: Curbing Corruption in Asian
Countries: An Impossible Dream (Bingley, UK: Emerald Group
Publishing, 2011); Taiwan Anti-Corruption Strategy:
Suggestions for Reform (Baltimore: Schoolof Law, University
of Maryland, 2010); Public Administration Singapore-Style
(Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, 2010); Combating
Corruption Singapore-Style: Lessons for Other Asian
of Political Science until his retirement in June 2007. He is
Countries (Baltimore: School of Law, University of Maryland,
2007); and Curbing Corruption in Asia: A Comparative Study
of Six Countries (Singapore: Eastern Universities Press,
2003).
Khammoune Viphongxay was Vice Chairperson of the Public
Administration and Civil Service Authority in the Prime
Minister Office, Lao PDR. He is currently Deputy Minister
of the Ministry of Home Affairs. His recent areas of work
include decentralization reforms, development of civil society
and creation of local councils. He is alsoon the faculty of the
National Academy of Politics and Public Administration. He
is a member of several key committees including the State
Committee for Organizational Improvement. He is also the
Project Director for UNDP Governance and Civil Service
Reform Project, as well as the Civil Society Project. |
